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Operators |
Example |
|
Addition(+) |
$a + $b |
|
Subtraction(-) |
$a - $b |
|
Multiplication(*) |
$a * $b |
|
Division(/) |
$a / $b |
|
Modulus(%) |
$a % $b |
Use "." to concatenate 2 strings
Example:
$a = "Hello ";
$b = $a . "World!"; // now $b = "Hello World!"
|
Example |
Operator |
Result |
|
$a and $b |
And |
Both $a,$b are True, return True |
|
$a or $b |
Or |
Either $a or $b is True, return True |
|
$a xor $b |
Or |
Only one of $a,$b is True ¡A return True, Otherwise return False |
|
!$a |
Not |
$a is not True, return True |
|
$a && $b |
And |
Both $a, $b are True,return True |
|
$a || $b |
Or |
One of $a, $b is True, return True |
|
Example |
Operator |
result |
|
$a == $b |
equal to (==) |
$a equals to $b, return True |
|
$a != $b |
not equal to (!=) |
$a is not equal to $b, returnTrue |
|
$a < $b |
Less than (<) |
$a is less than $b, return True |
|
$a > $b |
greater than (>) |
$a is greater than $b, return True |
|
$a <= $b |
less than or equal (<=) |
$a is less than or equal to$b, returnTrue |
|
$a >= $b |
greater than or equal (>=) |
$a is greater than or equal to $b, return True |
PHP+DBMaker
The procedures
To write a program to access a database, the first thing you need to do is to connect to the database, then execute SQL statements. There are 2 ways to do it. One is to prepare the SQL statement and then repeat the execution of the SQL. The other is only by EXEC(PREPARE+EXECUTE) in which it always prepares then executes every time. Therefore, if an particular SQL statement will be executed frequently, then the first way is recommended. That is, prepare first, then repeat the execution of the SQL statement to improve the performance. After executing an SQL statement, a RESULT SET will exist and you can use a variable to get the result set back. And then you can show the result by using ODBC_RESULT,ODBC_FETCH_ROW,ODBC_FETCH_INTO...etc
Notice: Remember to put the Dmconfig.ini file into the directory ~dbmaker/data
Connecting to a database
Syntax:
int odbc_connect(string dsn, string user, string password);
Description:
it will return a connect id(integer) if successful, otherwise it returns 0
Syntax:
void odbc_close(int connection_id);
Description:
It will fail if a transaction is still running.
Syntax:
void odbc_close_all(void);
Description:
It will fail if a transaction is still running.
Example:
<HTML>
<TITLE>
<HEAD>ODBC_CLOSE_ALL</HEAD>
</TITLE>
<body>
<?
$Cn=ODBC_connect("PHP3TEST","SYSADM","");
$Cn1=ODBC_connect("EXDM30","SYSADM","");
echo "Connected Cn and Cn1<P>";
odbc_close_all();
echo "CLOSE ALL<p>";
$Rs=ODBC_EXEC($Cn,"Select * from TestSample");
$Rs1=ODBC_EXEC($Cn1,"Select * from Card");
if($Rs){
echo "Cn Connection not Close<P>";
}
else
{
echo "Cn Connection Close<P>";
}
if($Rs1)
{
echo "Cn1 Connection not Close<P>";
}
else
{
echo "Cn1 Connection Close<P>";
}
echo $HOME;
?>
</body>
</HTML>
Transaction control
Syntax:
int odbc_autocommit(int connection_id, int [OnOff])
Description:
Set the default so the transaction is automatically committed for the specified connection id. When the onoff is true, autocommit is the default.
Syntax :
int odbc_commit(int connection_id)
Description:
commit the transaction for the specified connection. Return True if successful, otherwise return False.
Syntax:
int odbc_rollback(int connection_id)
Description:
Rollback the transaction for the specified connection. Return True if successful, otherwise return False.
Example:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE><h1>Test AutoCommit Execute Time <h1></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<?
$conn=ODBC_CONNECT("PHP3TEST","SYSADM","");
if ($conn){
if(ODBC_EXEC($conn,"Create table T1(c1 int,c2 char(10))")) {
ODBC_AUTOCOMMIT($conn,1);
//do some insert
ODBC_AUTOCOMMIT($conn,0);
//do some insert
}
ODBC_EXEC($conn,"Drop table T1");
ODBC_COMMIT($conn);
}
ODBC_CLOSE($conn);
?>
</BODY>
</HTML>
Execute SQL statements
Syntax:
int odbc_prepare(int connection_id, string query_string)
Description:
Prepare an SQL statement for the next execution. Return a result identifier id if successful, which is for execution in the ODBC_EXECUTE command.
Syntax:
int odbc_execute(int result_id, array [parameters_array])
Description:
Execute a prepared SQL statement. Return True if successful, otherwise return False. If there is any parameter required by the prepared SQL statement, use array[parameters_array].
Syntax:
int odbc_exec(int connection_id, string query_string)
Description:
PREPARE and execute the specified SQL statement, which is equivalent to using theODBC_PREPARE and ODBC_EXECUTE commands. Return True if successful, otherwise return False.
Syntax:
string odbc_do(int conn_id, string query)
Description:
Same asODBC_EXEC.
Example:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<?
$conn=ODBC_connect("PHP3TEST","SYSADM","");
if($conn)
{
$res=odbc_prepare($conn,
"insert into TestODBC
values(?,?,?)");
$param[0]=3;
$param[1]="test";
$param[2]="insert";
odbc_execute($res,$param);
odbc_free_result($res);
$res=odbc_EXEC($conn,"select * from TestODBC");
echo "insert a row (1,test,insert) into table";
echo odbc_result_all($res);
odbc_free_result($res);
odbc_close($conn);
}
?>
</BODY>
</HTML>
Extracting data
Syntax:
string odbc_cursor(int result_id);
Description:
Get a CURSORNAME. Return a CURSOR NAME for the specified result id if successful.
Example:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>ODBC FUNCTION TEST</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<h5>Test Cursor of deleting odd records and update
even records c2char to 'handy'</h5>
<?
$conn=odbc_connect("PHP3TEST","SYSADM","");
if($conn)
{
Error_Reporting(0);
odbc_exec($conn,"drop table PHP3CURSOR");
odbc_exec($conn,"Create table PHP3CURSOR(c1Int int ,c2Char char(10))");
for($i=0;$i < 50;$i++)
{
$resexec=odbc_exec($conn,"insert into PHP3CURSOR values($i,'Test')");
ODBC_COMMIT($conn);
odbc_free_result($resexec);
}
$res=odbc_exec($conn,"select * from PHP3CURSOR");
echo odbc_result_all($res),"rows";
odbc_free_result($res);
$res=odbc_exec($conn,"select * from PHP3CURSOR for update of c2Char");
$Cursor=odbc_cursor($res);
$CurUpdate=odbc_prepare($conn,"update PHP3CURSOR set c2Char=?
where current of $Cursor");
$CurDelete=odbc_prepare($conn,"Delete from PHP3CURSOR
where current of $Cursor");
if($CurUpdate and $CurDelete)
{
while(odbc_fetch_row($res))
{
if(odbc_result($res,1)%2==0)
{
$str=chop(odbc_result($res,2)) . "*";
$param[0]=$str;
odbc_execute($CurUpdate,$param);
}
else
{
odbc_execute($CurDelete);
}
odbc_commit($conn);
}
}
odbc_free_result($res);
$res=odbc_exec($conn,"select * from PHP3CURSOR");
echo odbc_result_all($res),"rows";
odbc_free_result($res);
odbc_close($conn);
}
?>
</BODY>
</HTML>
Syntax:
int odbc_result_all(int result_id, string [format])
Description:
Display the RESULT SET in HTML format. odbc_result_all will print out all data for the result id returned by ODBC_EXEC.
Example:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE><H1>TEST ODBC FUNCTION</H1></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<?
$CONN=ODBC_CONNECT("PHP3TEST","SYSADM","");
IF($CONN)
{
$RES=ODBC_EXEC($CONN,"SELECT * FROM TestODBC");
$STRRS=ODBC_RESULT_ALL($RES);
ECHO $STRRS;
ECHO "|a¡MeRA";
}
?>
</BODY>
</HTML>
Syntax:
int odbc_fetch_into(int result_id, int [rownumber], array result_array)
Description:
FETCH a record to an array. Return the position of the record in the result set if successful, otherwise return False. The array for getting data back must be in PASSING BY REFERENCE, and the index of the array starts from 0.
Example:
<HTML>
<TITLE>
<HEAD>ODBC_fetch_into,ODBC_fetch_row</HEAD>
</TITLE>
<body>
<?
$Cn=ODBC_connect("PHP3TEST","SYSADM","");
if($Cn)
{
$Rs=odbc_exec($Cn,"select * from TestODBC");
$Colnum=odbc_num_fields($Rs);
while(odbc_fetch_into($Rs,&$Str))
{
for($i=0;$i<3;$i++)
{
echo $Str[$i] , "===== ";
}
echo "<P>";
}
}
?>
</body>
</HTML>
Syntax:
int odbc_fetch_row(int result_id, int [row_number])
Description:
FETCH a record each time. ODBC_FETCH_ROW can be used for the result set produced by ODBC_DO or ODBC_EXEC. ODBC_FETCH_ROW will fetch the next record if the row_number is not specified.
Syntax:
string odbc_result(int result_id, mixed field)
Description:
Get a certain column of a record and the mixed filed could be a column or column number which starts from 1.
Syntax:
int odbc_num_rows(int result_id);
Description:
Get the number of records in the RESULT SET. If the SQL statement is insert, update, or delete, then return the number of records effected. Most databases could not use ODBC_RUM_ROWS to get the number of records after a select statement.
Syntax:
int odbc_num_fields(int result_id)
Description:
Get the number of columns in the RESULT SET.
Syntax:
int odbc_fieldnum(int result_id, string field_name)
Description:
Return the order number of the specified column in the RESULT SET.
Syntax:
string odbc_fieldname(int result_id, int field_number)
Description:
Return the column name of the order number specified by field_number in the RESULT SET.
Syntax:
string odbc_field_type(int result_id, mixed field)
Description:
Return the data type of the specfied column in the RESULT SET.
Syntax:
int odbc_free_result(int result_id)
Description:
Close the RESULT SET